Kalētia

Naʻe ʻaʻahi ʻa Paula ki he ngaahi siasi ʻi Kalētiá ʻi heʻene fononga fakafaifekau hono uá mo e tolú. ʻOku ngalingali naʻá ne fai ʻene tohi ki he kakai Kalētia lolotonga ʻene fononga ʻi Masitōnia ʻi heʻene fononga fakafaifekau hono tolú, fakafuofua ki he 57 AD. Naʻe hoko ʻa Kalētia ko ha vahefonua ʻi ʻĒsia Minó, ʻo kau ai ʻa e konga lahi ʻo Toake he ʻaho ní. Naʻe hikifonua mai ʻa e kakaí mei he fakahihifo ʻo ʻIulopé (Falanisē ʻo onopōní), ʻa ia naʻe ʻiloa ai kinautolu ko e kau Kaulí.

Naʻe hohaʻa ʻa Paula naʻa tohoakiʻi e Kāingalotu Kalētiá ke ʻoua te nau muimui ʻi he ongoongolelei moʻoní ʻe ha niʻihi ne nau feinga ke fakakeheʻi ia. ʻOku fakahaaʻi ʻe he tohi ʻa Paulá ko kinautolu ko ia ʻoku nau fakakeheʻi ʻa e ongoongoleleí ko e Kāingalotu Siu ia naʻa nau vilitaki ke kamu ʻa e Kāingalotu senitailé pea mo nau tauhi ʻa e fono ʻa Mōsesé kae lava ke fakamoʻui kinautolu. Naʻe tali ʻe ha Kāingalotu Kalētia ʻe niʻihi ʻa e ngaahi akonaki ko ʻení.

Ko e tohi Kalētiá ko ha valoki fefeka ia ki he kāingalotu ʻo e Siasí naʻa nau heé mo e kau akonaki loi ne nau takihalaʻi kinautolú. Ko e ngaahi tefitoʻi meʻa mahuʻinga ʻeni ʻo e tohí ni:

• Taukapoʻi ʻe Paula ia mei he ngaahi tukuakiʻi ʻa e kau faiako loi ne nau fakafepakiʻi iá.

• Fakapapauʻi ʻoku fakamoʻui e kakai kotoa pē, ʻo tatau ai pē pe ko e Siu pe Senitaile, ʻi heʻenau tui kia Sīsū Kalaisí, kae ʻikai ko hono fai ʻo e ngaahi ngāue ʻo e fono ʻa Mōsesé.

• Fakamahinoʻi ʻa e fatongia ʻo e fono ʻa Mōsesé ʻi he palani ʻa e ʻOtuá

• Fakafaikehekeheʻi e fuakava motuʻa naʻe fai ʻe he ʻOtuá ʻo fakafou ʻia Mōsesé mo e fuakava foʻou ʻia Kalaisí

• Ui ʻa e Kāingalotú ke moʻui ʻaki e Laumālié

ʻOku ʻi he tohi Kalētiá foki ʻa e fakamatala naʻe hiki ʻe Paula he kuonga muʻá fekauʻaki mo e tokāteline ʻo e fakatonuhiá. Naʻá ne akoʻi ʻoku ʻikai fakatonuhiaʻi kitautolu ʻe he ngaahi ngāue ʻo e fono ʻa Mōsesé ka ʻi heʻetau tui kia Sīsū Kalaisí pea mo e faivelenga foki ʻa Kalaisí.

Naʻe fakamoʻoni ʻa e ʻAposetolo ko Paulá ki he kakai Kalētiá naʻe taha pē ʻa e ongoongolelei moʻoni ʻo Sīsū Kalaisí. Naʻá ne maʻu ia “ʻi hono fakahā mai ʻe Sīsū Kalaisi.” Naʻe fakatokanga ʻa Paula fekauʻaki mo kinautolu naʻa nau fakakeheʻi ʻa e ongoongolelei moʻoni ʻa e Fakamoʻuí. Naʻá ne fakatokanga pau fekauʻaki mo e kau Kalisitiane Siu naʻa nau fakakoviʻi ʻa e pōpoaki ʻo e ongoongoleleí ʻaki ʻenau vili kikihi kuo pau ke kau ʻa e kau papi ului senitailé ʻi he ngaahi ouau ʻo e fono ʻa Mōsesé kae lava ke fakamoʻui kinautolu. ʻOku faʻa ui ʻe he kau mataotao ʻi onopōní ʻa e kulupu ko ʻení ko e kau Siutasí. “Ko hono moʻoní, naʻe pehē ʻe Paula ko e ongoongolelei naʻá ne malangaʻí ko e ongoongolelei ia ʻo Kalaisí, naʻe ʻikai faʻu pe fokotuʻu ʻe ha taha ka ko Sīsū Kalaisi pē. Kapau naʻe fakahoko ʻe Sīsū e lea ʻa Paulá, mahalo naʻá Ne mei folofola, ʻKo ʻeku ongoongoleleí naʻá ku ʻoange kia Paulá kae ʻikai ko ha toe taha kehe. Naʻá ne malangaʻi fakahangatonu ia kiate kimoutolu taʻe toe filioʻi ia.’ ʻI he foungá ni, ʻoku faitatau ai ʻa e fakatokanga ʻa Paula ki he kakai Kalētiá mo e fakahā tonu ʻa Sīsū ki he kakai Nīfaí. Ko ʻene ongoongoleleí ia kae ʻikai ʻo ha taha kehe. Ko ia ʻa e kamataʻangá mo e ngataʻangá.” Ka ʻi ai ha taha ʻokú ne akoʻi ha ongoongolelei kehe mei he ongoongolelei moʻoni pē ʻe taha ʻa e Fakamoʻuí, ʻe fakahalaiaʻi ia.

Vakai, “Ngāue 15:1–6. Ko e hā e meʻa naʻá ne fakatupu ʻa e konifelenisi ʻi Selusalemá?”

Naʻe fakaangaʻi ʻe Paula ʻa Pita koeʻuhí ko ha meʻa naʻe hoko ʻi ʻAniteoke. Lolotonga e ʻaʻahi ʻa Pita ki he Kāingalotu ʻi aí, naʻe ʻikai ke ne fakafepakiʻi ʻa e kai fakataha mo e kau papi ului senitailé. Neongo naʻe ʻikai tapui ʻe he fono ʻa Mōsesé ʻa e maʻu meʻatokoni fakataha mo e kau Senitailé, ka ʻoku hangē naʻe fakakaukau e tokolahi taha ʻo e kau Kalisitiane Siú ko ha meʻa ia ne ʻikai tali lelei. ʻI he taimi naʻe aʻu mai ai ha kau Kalisitiane Siu pau, naʻe mavahe ʻa Pita ia mei heʻene maʻu meʻatokoni fakataha mo e kau papi ului senitailé. Naʻe ui ʻe Paula ʻa e ngaahi tōʻonga ʻa Pitá ko e mālualoi. Naʻe hohaʻa ʻa Paula naʻa fakatupu ʻe he ngaahi angafai ko ʻení ke tui ʻa e kau Senitailé naʻe fiemaʻu ke nau kau ʻi he ngaahi ʻulungaanga fakafonua ʻo e kau Siú kae toki lava ke tali kinautolu. ʻOku fakahaaʻi ʻe he tūkunga ko ʻení ʻa e faingataʻa ki he fuofua Kāingalotú ke nau siʻaki ha niʻihi ʻo ʻenau ngaahi tukufakaholó. Kapau naʻe fakatokangaʻi ʻoku maʻu meʻatokoni fakataha ʻa Pita mo e Kāingalotu senitailé, te ne fakaʻitaʻi ai ha niʻihi ʻo e Kāingalotu Siú. Ka ʻi he ʻikai ke ne maʻu meʻatokoni mo kinautolú, te ne fakaʻitaʻi ai ha niʻihi ʻo e Kāingalotu senitailé.

Naʻe akoʻi ʻe Paula ʻa e tokāteline ʻo e fakatonuhiá ko ha tali ki he Kāingalotu Siu naʻa nau vilitaki ke muimui ʻa e Kāingalotu senitailé ki he fono ʻa Mōsesé ke fakamoʻui kinautolú. Naʻe akoʻi ʻe Paula ʻoku fakatonuhiaʻi ʻa e kau Siú mo e kau Senitailé fakatouʻosi (fakamolemoleʻi mei he tautea koeʻuhí ko e angahalá) ʻe he “tui ʻa Sīsū Kalaisi,” kae ʻikai ko e ngaahi ngāue ʻo e fono ʻa Mōsesé.

ʻI he Kalētia 2:16 (mo e ngaahi veesi kehe), ʻoku ʻikai mahino fakakalama pe ʻoku ʻuhinga ʻa e “tui ʻa Sīsū Kalaisi” ki heʻetau tuí pe ko e tui ʻa Kalaisí. ʻIkai ke ngata aí, “Ko e foʻi lea faka-Kalisi naʻe liliu ko e tuí (pistis) ʻoku lava ke ʻuhinga ia ki he ‘tui’ mo e ‘faivelenga.’” ʻOku fokotuʻu mai ʻe he meʻá ni ʻoku fakatonuhiaʻi kitautolu ʻi ha founga ʻe ua: (1) ʻi heʻetau tui kia Sīsū Kalaisí mo e (2) “ʻi he faivelenga ʻa Sīsū Kalaisí—ʻa ia, ʻi he faivelenga ʻa Sīsū Kalaisi ʻi he fakalelei maʻa ʻetau ngaahi angahalá.”

ʻOku faʻa maʻuhala ʻa hono fakaʻuhingaʻi ʻo e Kalētia 2:16 ke pehē ʻoku toki hoko pē ʻa e fakamoʻuí ʻi heʻetau tui kia Sīsū Kalaisí pea ʻoku ʻikai ʻaonga ʻa e māʻoniʻoní ki he fakamoʻuí. ʻOku mahuʻinga ke mahino ʻi he tohi Kalētiá, “ko e taimi kotoa pē naʻe fakaʻaongaʻi ai ʻe Paula ʻa e foʻi lea ngāue [ergōn], naʻá ne fakaʻaongaʻi maʻu pē ia ko ha konga ʻo e kupuʻi lea ‘ngaahi ngāue ʻo e fonó.’” Ko ia ai ko e ʻuhinga leva ʻa Paulá ʻoku ʻikai fiemaʻu ʻa e ngaahi ngāue ʻo e fono ʻa Mōsesé ki hotau fakamoʻuí.

Ko e tui ʻoku lea ki ai ʻa Paula ʻi he ngaahi veesi ko ʻení ʻoku mahulu hake ia ʻi he tuí pe fakakaukau tataú. Ko e ngaahi lea faka-Kalisi ki he tuí “ʻoku lahi hono ngaahi ʻuhinga ʻokú ne fokotuʻu mai ʻa e … tukupā fakataautaha mo e ngāue—ʻa e ngaahi fakaʻuhinga hangē ko e falalá, loto-falalá, faivelengá, mo e talangofuá. Ko ia ai, naʻe lea ʻa Paula ʻo kau ki he ʻtui ʻoku ngāué’ (Kalētia 5:6).”

Naʻe akoʻi ʻe Paula naʻe fakataipe hono tamateʻi ʻene moʻui kimuʻá ʻi he taimi naʻe tutuki ai ʻa Kalaisí, peá ne fakahā naʻe moʻui ʻa Kalaisi ʻiate ia he taimí ni. Ko ha founga ʻeni ʻe taha naʻe feinga ai ʻa Paula ke akoʻi kuo pau ke siʻaki ʻa e ngaahi taufatungamotuʻá ʻia Sīsū Kalaisi.

Naʻe fakamanatu ʻe Paula ʻa ʻĒpalahame ki he kakai Kalētiá ke tokoni ke mahino kiate kinautolu naʻe ʻikai fiemaʻu ke nau muimui ki he ngaahi founga ʻo e fono ʻa Mōsesé kae toki lava ke fakamoʻui kinautolu. “Naʻe fakaʻapaʻapaʻi ʻe he kau Siú mo e kau Senitaile tuí ʻa ʻĒpalahame ko e ʻtamaiʻ ʻo e kakai faivelengá. … Naʻe fakamahinoʻi mai ʻe Paula, naʻe moʻui ʻa ʻĒpalahame ʻi ha senituli ʻe fā kimuʻa ʻia Mōsese. Koeʻuhí naʻe fakahā ia ʻe he ʻOtuá ʻokú ne māʻoniʻoni kimuʻa pea toki ʻomi e fono ʻa Mōsesé, naʻe ʻikai lava ia ke pehē ʻe fakatonuhiaʻi ʻaki e fono ʻa Mōsesé. … Naʻe fakatonuhiaʻi ʻa e kau papi ului Senitaile naʻa nau tali ʻa e ongoongolelei ʻo Sīsū Kalaisí ʻi he tuí ʻi he founga tatau naʻe fai kia ʻĒpalahamé pea naʻe pau ke lau kinautolu ʻoku nau kau fakataha mo e kakai ʻo e fuakavá.” ʻI hono fakalea ʻe tahá, ko e Kāingalotu faivelenga kotoa pē, ʻa e kau Siú mo e kau Senitailé fakatouʻosi, ko e “fānau ʻa kinautolu ʻa ʻĒpalahame” pea ko e kakai fuakava ia ʻa e ʻEikí.

Naʻe tui ha kau Siu ʻe niʻihi he ʻikai lava ʻa Sīsū ʻo hoko ko e Mīsaiá koeʻuhí he naʻe tutuki Ia (tautau ʻi ha fuʻu ʻakau; ʻoku faʻa fakaʻaongaʻi ʻe he folofolá he taimi ʻe niʻihi ʻa e ngaahi foʻi lea “tautau ʻi he ʻakau”). Naʻe lave ia ki ha potufolofola ʻi he tohi Teutalōnomé ʻo pehē ko e tokotaha faihia naʻe tamateʻi ʻaki hono tautau ʻi ha fuʻu ʻakaú “ko e malaʻia ia ʻi he ʻOtuá.” Fakatatau ki he fakaʻuhinga ko ʻení, naʻe tui ha kau Siu ʻe niʻihi naʻe pau pē naʻe fakamalaʻiaʻi ʻe he ʻOtuá ʻa Sīsū. Naʻe toe fokotuʻutuʻu ʻe Paula ʻa e fakakaukau ʻo e fakamalaʻiaʻí ʻi heʻene fekauʻaki mo e Fakamoʻuí. Naʻe fakamatalaʻi ʻe Paula ko e taimi naʻe toʻo ai ʻe Sīsū Kalaisi kiate Ia ʻetau ngaahi angahalá, naʻá Ne “tuʻu ʻi hotau tuʻungá, ʻo hoko ko e fakafofonga maʻatautolu—ʻʻo fakamalaʻiaʻi ai Ia koeʻuhí ko kitautolu.’”

Hili hono akoʻi ʻe Paula ʻoku ʻikai fakatonuhiaʻi ʻe hono tauhi ʻo e fono ʻa Mōsesé ha taha ʻi he ʻao ʻo e ʻOtuá, naʻá ne fakamatalaʻi ʻa e ʻuhinga naʻe foaki ai ʻe he ʻOtuá ʻa e fono ʻa Mōsesé ki ʻIsilelí. Ko e fono ʻa Mōsesé ko ha meʻafua fakataimi pē ia naʻe foaki ʻe he ʻOtuá ki ʻIsileli koeʻuhí ko ʻenau ngaahi maumaufonó mo e vaivai ʻenau tuʻunga fakalaumālié. Ko ha “takiakiʻi” ia ke teuteuʻi kinautolu ke nau tali ʻa Sīsū Kalaisi ko honau Fakamoʻuí.

Naʻe akoʻi ʻe Paula ʻoku tau “ʻai ʻa Kalaisi” ʻo fakafou ʻi he fuakava ʻo e papitaisó. Ko e foʻi lea faka-Kalisi ki he “ʻai ʻa” ko e enduō (fakakoloa), ʻa ia ko hono ʻuhingá ke fakakofuʻi pe fakatui. ʻI hono fakalea ʻe tahá, ko e “ʻai ʻa Kalaisí” ko hono “fakakofuʻi ʻaki koe ʻa Kalaisí.”

Ko e ʻea-hokó ʻoku ʻi ai ʻene totonu fakalao ki ha tofiʻa. Naʻe fakafehoanaki ʻe Paula ʻa kinautolu ʻoku nau moʻui ʻaki e fono ʻa Mōsesé ki ha ʻea-hoko ʻoku ʻikai lava ke maʻu honau tofiʻá kae ʻoua kuo nau matuʻotuʻa feʻunga. Naʻe faitatau pē ʻa e ʻea-hoko kei taʻu siʻí mo ha sevāniti. ʻI he founga tatau pē, naʻe hangē ʻa ʻIsileli ko ha ʻea-hoko kei taʻu siʻi lolotonga ʻenau fakaʻaongaʻi e fono ʻa Mōsesé. Ka ʻi he taimi ʻoku nau fakahoko ai ha fuakava mo Kalaisí, ʻoku nau hoko ʻo matuʻotuʻa feʻunga pea lava ke nau maʻu ʻa e tofiʻa kakato kuo talaʻofa angé.

ʻI he talanoa fakatātā ʻa Paulá, ʻoku fakafofongaʻi ʻe Hekaʻā (pe ʻEka) mo hono foha ko ʻIsimelí ʻa e fuakava motuʻá, pe ko e fono ʻa Mōsesé. ʻOku fakafofongaʻi ʻe Sela mo hono foha ko ʻAisaké ʻa e fuakava foʻoú. Hangē pē ko e hoko ʻa Hekaʻā ko ha sevānití, naʻe fiemaʻu ʻe Paula ke mahino ki he Kāingalotu Kalētiá ko kinautolu ʻi he fono ʻa Mōsesé ko ha kau sevāniti foki mo kinautolu. Ko ʻAisaké ko e foha ia ʻo e talaʻofá, pea ko kinautolu ʻoku nau tali ʻa Sīsū Kalaisí ʻoku nau kau ki he tofiʻa ko iá pea ʻoku nau hoko leva ai ʻo tauʻatāina foki.

ʻOku liliu ʻa e foʻi lea faka-Pilitānia ko e lust mei he foʻi lea faka-Kalisi ko e epithymia pea ʻokú ne fakahaaʻi ha holi vēkeveke mo fakaʻānaua. Naʻe akoʻi ʻe ʻEletā ʻUlise Soālesi ʻo pehē: “ʻOku ʻuhinga e foʻi lea ko ia ko e holi koví ki ha fakaʻamu lahi mo e holi taʻefeʻunga ki ha faʻahinga meʻa. ʻOkú ne fālute ha faʻahinga fakakaukau fakapoʻuli pe holi kovi ʻokú ne fakatupu ke tokanga ha taha ki he ngaahi tōʻonga siokitá pe koloa fakamāmaní kae ʻikai ki hono fai ha meʻa lelei, angaʻofa, tauhi e ngaahi fekau ʻa e ʻOtuá, mo e alā meʻa pehē. ʻOku faʻa fakahaaʻi ia ʻo fakafou ʻi he ngaahi holi ki he fiefia fakakakanó.”

• D. Todd Christofferson, “Taha ʻia Kalaisi,” Liahona, Mē 2023, 77–80

• Ulisses Soares, “Fekumi kia Kalaisi ʻi he Fakakaukau Kotoa Pē,” Liahona, Nōvema 2020, 82–85

• Ngaahi Tefitó mo e Ngaahi Fehuʻí, “Laumālie Māʻoniʻoní,” Gospel Library